|
Test |
Normal Value |
Clinical Significance |
| Iron ,total |
50 - 170 microgram/dl |
Increase in liver disease ,
various anemia
Decrease in iron deficiency anemia
|
| Iron-binding capacity , total (TIBC) |
300 - 420 microgram /dl |
Increase in iron deficiency
anemia , blood loss ,pregnancy ,in women taking birth control
pills Decrease in many chronic diseases , wide spread cancer
, mal nutrition ,nephrotic syndrome |
| Ketone bodies |
Negative Toxic
level
20 mg/dl |
Increase in keto
acidosis ,fever ,anorexia ,fasting ,starvation ,high fat diet
,low carbohydrate diet , following vomiting |
| Lctic acid(Lactate) |
Arterial
3 - 7 mg/dlVenous
5 - 20 mg/dl |
Increase during
Muscular activity ,congestive heart failure ,shock ,severe
hemorrhage |
Lactic
dehydrogenase
(LDH) |
71 - 207 IU/litr |
Increase in
myocardial infarction ,liver disease,skeletal muscle necrosis
, extensive cancer |
| Lipids Total |
400 - 800 mg / dl |
Increase in
hyperlipidemia , diabetes mellitus ,hypothyroidism
Decrease in fat mal absotbtion
|
| Lipids Cholesterol |
150 - 220mg/dl |
|
| Lipids
Triglycerides |
10 - 190 mg/dl |
|
| Osmolality |
285 - 295 mOsm/kg
water |
Increase in
cirrhosis ,congestive hear failure ,high protein diet
Decrease in aldosteronism ,diabetes insipidus ,hypercalcemia |
| Oxygen (O2) |
Arterial
15 - 23 Volume % |
Increase in
polycythemya Decrease in chronic obstructive lung disease |
| Oxygen partial
pressure(pO2) |
Arterial
80 - 105 mm Hg |
Increase in
polycythemia , hyperventilation Decrease in anemia ,
insufficient atmospheric oxygen , hypoventilation |
| pH |
Arterial
7.35 - 7.45 |
Increase in
vomiting ,hyperventilation ,excessive bicarbonate , lack of
oxygen
Decrease in renal failure , diabetic ketoacidosis, hypoxia
, airway obstruction ,shock |
| Phosphorous ,
inorganic (P) |
Adults
2.5 - 4.5 mg/dlChildren
4-7 mg/dl |
Increase in renal
failure hypoparathyroidism ,hypocalcemia , bone tumors ,
diabetic ketoacidosis ,acromagaly
Decrease in hyperparathyroidism ,alcoholism ,rickets ,osteomalacia |
| Protein , Total |
6 - 7.8 g/dl |
Increase in
dehydration ,shock , systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) ,
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , chronic infections , chronic liver
disease
Decrease in insufficient protein intake ,hemorrhage, mal
absorbtion , diarrhea , chronic renal failure ,severe burns |
| Albumin |
3.5 - 5.0 g/dl |
|
| Globulin |
2.3 - 3.5 g/dl |
|
| A/G ratio |
1.5 : 1 to 2.5 : 1 |
Reversed A/G may
indicate chronic liver disease , leukemia , Hodgkin's Disease
,Tuberculosis (TB ),chronic hepetitis |
| Sodium (Na+) |
136 - 142 mEq/litr |
Increase in
dehydration ,aldosteronism , coma ,Cushing's disease ,diabetes
insipidus
Decrease in severe burns , vomiting ,diarrhea , Addison's
disease ,nephritis , excessive sweating , edema |
Thyroid Hormone
T3
(Triiodothyronine ) |
80 - 200 ng/dl |
Increase in
hyperthyroidism Decrease in hypothyroidism |
Thyroid Hormone
T4
(Thyroxine ) |
4 -
11microgram / dl |
Increase in
hyperthyroidism Decrease in hypothyroidism |
| Thyroid stimulating
hormone(TSH) |
0.3 - 4.0 mU/Lit |
|
| Thyroxine binding
globulin (TBG ) |
10 -26 microgram
/dl |
Increase in
hypothyroidism Decrease in hyperthyroidism
|
| Uric acid (urate) |
Male
4.0 - 8.5 mg/dlFemale
2.7 - 7.3 mg/dl |
Increase in
impaired renal function , gout ,metastatic cancer , shock,
starvation
Decrease in person treated with
uricosuric drugs |
